PhD Candidate · UT Austin · Expected Aug 2026

Saiyang Zhang

张赛旸

PhD Candidate in Theoretical & Computational Astrophysics

Cosmic Frontier Center · Weinberg Institute · University of Texas at Austin

01 / About

About Me

Saiyang Zhang

Growing up in Beijing, I developed a deep appreciation for science and the mysteries of the universe. After completing high school, I moved to the US to pursue undergraduate studies at Colgate University in Astronomy/Physics and Applied Mathematics.

Currently, I'm a 6th-year doctoral candidate at the University of Texas at Austin, advised by Volker Bromm, specializing in theoretical and computational astrophysics. My research focuses on dark matter, the early universe, and cosmological evolution — studying dark matter candidates like Primordial Black Holes (PBHs), Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), Warm Dark Matter (WDM), and Self-interacting Dark Matter (SIDM), and their astrophysical effects on early universe objects like Population III stars and Supermassive Black Holes.

Beyond traditional astrophysics, I am increasingly interested in the intersection of machine learning and scientific discovery — particularly in applying large language models (LLMs) and simulation-based inference to accelerate research in cosmology and dark matter detection, as well as studying AI systems as a new domain of scientific inquiry.

Beyond my academic pursuits, I have a profound love for nature and sports. I enjoy downhill skiing, mountain hiking, football (⚽), and tennis. I have conquered four 14ers in Colorado, and there are more to go.

Research Interests

Dark Matter (PBHs, WIMPs, SIDM)Early Universe & Pop III StarsSupermassive Black HolesLarge-Scale StructureHigh-Performance ComputingMachine Learning

Education

Ph.D. in Physics

University of Texas at Austin · Cosmic Frontier Center · Weinberg Institute

Advisor: Volker Bromm · Aug 2020 – Aug 2026 (exp.)

Imprints of the Primordial Black Holes over Cosmic History

Candidate

M.A. in Physics

University of Texas at Austin · Cosmic Frontier Center · Weinberg Institute

Advisor: Katherine Freese · Aug 2020 – Dec 2024

Detecting Supermassive Dark Stars with the Roman Space Telescope

Graduated

B.A. in Astronomy/Physics & Applied Mathematics

Colgate University · Magna cum laude

Advisor: Cosmin Ilie · 2015 – 2019

Graduated

Awards & Fellowships

Dissertation Writing Fellowship

UT Austin · 2025 · $24,000

Robert S. Davis and Lyell P. Davis Scholarship Fund

UT Austin · 2024 · $1,000

Graduate School Professional Development Award

UT Austin · 2024 / 2025 / 2026 · $2,250

APS DAP Student/Postdoc Travel Grant

American Physical Society · 2022 · $600

Joseph C. Amato & Anthony F. Aveni Award (Excellence in Thesis)

Colgate University · 2019

📸 Life Outside Research

Sigma the cat

Sigma — my older cat 🐱

Eta the cat

Eta — my younger cat 🐱

Giving a talk at conference

ITC Luncheon Talk, Harvard Center for Astrophysics 🎤 (Apr 2025)

Hiking at Torreys Peak Colorado

Torreys Peak, Colorado 🏔️ (14,267 ft)

02 / Research

Research Areas

Bridging particle physics and astrophysics to uncover the nature of dark matter and the first objects in the Universe.

Primordial Black Holes (PBHs)

Dark Matter · Early Universe

Using N-body simulations with GIZMO and semi-analytical models to investigate PBHs’ astrophysical impacts — from influencing first star formation and cosmic radiation background during reionization, to seeding supermassive black holes like Abell2744-QSO1 observed by JWST. Future observations with JWST, Roman, and SKA will be critical in distinguishing PBH-driven structure formation from standard ΛCDM.

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Supermassive Dark Stars (SMDSs)

Dark Matter · Early Universe

Supermassive dark stars are luminous stellar objects formed in the early Universe at redshift z∼10–20, powered by dark matter annihilation. Using Roman Space Telescope and JWST spectroscopy — particularly the HeII 1640 absorption line as a “smoking gun” — we can differentiate SMDSs from early galaxies via spectral, photometric, and morphological signatures.

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Particle Dark Matter & Pop III Stars

Dark Matter

Pop III stars and neutron stars offer unique cosmic laboratories for probing particle dark matter microphysics in regimes inaccessible to terrestrial experiments. Developed a multiscatter capture framework to study DM particles gravitationally captured by stars, leading to observable consequences such as DM annihilation heating or stellar mass truncation. Extended to superheavy DM and constraints below the neutrino floor.

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05 / Publications

Publications

h-index: 11 · 366 total citations · 7 first-author papers — NASA/ADS

Sort:
Year:

Showing 18 of 18 publications

First AuthorDark Matter
Primordial Black Holes as Seeds for Extremely Overmassive AGN Observed by JWST

Saiyang Zhang, Boyuan Liu, Volker Bromm, Florian Kühnel

The Astrophysical Journal Letters (2025)

PBHJWSTAGNEarly Universe
First AuthorDark Matter
A Novel Formation Channel for Supermassive Black Hole Binaries in the Early Universe via Primordial Black Holes

Saiyang Zhang, Boyuan Liu, Volker Bromm

The Astrophysical Journal, 992, 136 (2025)

PBHSMBH BinariesEarly Universe
Early Universe
A black hole in a near-pristine galaxy 700 million years after the Big Bang

Roberto Maiolino, et al., Saiyang Zhang, et al.

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (2025)

JWSTBlack HolesHigh-z
First AuthorEarly Universe
How do Massive Primordial Black Holes Impact the Formation of the First Stars and Galaxies

Saiyang Zhang, Boyuan Liu, Volker Bromm, Myoungwon Jeon, Michael Boylan-Kolchin, Florian Kühnel

The Astrophysical Journal, 987, 185 (2025)

PBHFirst StarsGalaxy Formation
PreprintOther
Evaluating LLMs in Scientific Discovery

Zhengyang Song, et al., Saiyang Zhang, et al.

Submitted to Nature (2025)

LLMScientific ML
PreprintEarly Universe
BlackTHUNDER: three massive black holes in a z~5 galaxy

Hannah Übler, et al., Saiyang Zhang, et al.

Submitted to Astronomy & Astrophysics (2025)

Black HolesHigh-zJWST
PreprintEarly Universe
A direct black hole mass measurement in a Little Red Dot at Epoch of Reionization

Ignas Juodžbalis, et al., Saiyang Zhang, et al.

Submitted to Nature (2025)

Little Red DotReionizationJWST
First AuthorDark Matter
How do Primordial Black Holes change the Halo Mass Function and Structure

Saiyang Zhang, Volker Bromm, Boyuan Liu

The Astrophysical Journal, 975, 139 (2024)

PBHHalo Mass FunctionStructure Formation
First AuthorDark Matter
Detectability of Supermassive Dark Stars with the Roman Space Telescope

Saiyang Zhang, Cosmin Ilie, Katherine Freese

The Astrophysical Journal, 965, 121 (2024)

Dark StarsRoman TelescopePop III
First AuthorEarly Universe
Distinguishing the impact and signature of black holes from different origins in early cosmic history

Saiyang Zhang, Boyuan Liu, Volker Bromm

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 528, 180 (2023)

PBHBlack Hole OriginsCosmic History
Early Universe
Effects of stellar-mass primordial black holes on first star formation

Boyuan Liu, Saiyang Zhang, Volker Bromm

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 514, 2376 (2022)

PBHFirst StarsPop III
Dark Matter
Constraining dark matter properties with the first generation of stars

Cosmin Ilie, Carter Levy, Julia Pilawa, Saiyang Zhang

Physical Review D, 104, 123031 (2021)

Dark MatterPop III StarsConstraints
Dark Matter
Comment on Multiscatter stellar capture of dark matter

Cosmin Ilie, Julia Pilawa, Saiyang Zhang

Physical Review D, 102, 048301 (2020)

Dark MatterStellar Capture
PreprintDark Matter
Probing below the neutrino floor with the first generation of stars

Cosmin Ilie, Julia Pilawa, Saiyang Zhang

ArXiv Preprint (2020)

Dark MatterPop III StarsNeutrino Floor
PreprintDark Matter
Erratum: Multiscatter capture of superheavy dark matter by Pop III stars

Cosmin Ilie, Saiyang Zhang

JCAP, 2020(10), E01, 2020, E01 (2020)

Dark Matter CapturePop III StarsErratum
Dark Matter
Multiscatter capture of superheavy dark matter by Pop III stars

Cosmin Ilie, Saiyang Zhang

Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2019, 051 (2019)

Dark Matter CapturePop III StarsSuperheavy DM
Other
The 2016 June Optical and Gamma-Ray Outburst of Blazar 3C 454.3

Z. R. Weaver, et al., Saiyang Zhang

The Astrophysical Journal, 875, 15 (2019)

BlazarGamma-RayMulti-wavelength
PreprintOther

Möbius Polarization of Non-Collinear Poincaré Superpositions

Enrique J. Galvez, Ishir Dutta, Saiyang Zhang

Latin America Optics and Photonics Conference, Tu3D-2 (2018)

OpticsPolarizationConference Paper

06 / Talks

Talks & Presentations

Invited  ·  Contributed/Seminar  ·  Poster

Invited Talks
3
Oct 2024

TEPAPP Seminar

University of California · Los Angeles, CA
Jul 2024

Seventeenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting

University of Bologna · Bologna, Italy
Apr 2024

Physics Seminar

Colgate University · Hamilton, NY
Contributed Talks & Seminars
16
Dec 2025

Group Meeting Talk

Peking University · Beijing, China
Dec 2025

Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics

Arizona State University · Tempe, AZ
Oct 2025

Extragalactic Discussion Group

University of Hawaiʻi · Mānoa, HI
Sep 2025

Thunch Talk

Princeton University · Princeton, NJ
Sep 2025

Galaxy Lunch

Yale University · New Haven, CT
Sep 2025

PACMAN Seminar

Flatiron Institute · New York City, NY
Sep 2025

Astrophysics Seminar

Columbia University · New York City, NY
Aug 2025

Santa Cruz Galaxy Workshop (video)

UC Santa Cruz · Santa Cruz, CA
Apr 2025

ITC Luncheon Talk (video)

Harvard University · Boston, MA
Apr 2025

MAT Seminar

MIT Kavli Institute · Boston, MA
Apr 2025

Group Meeting Talk

Carnegie Observatories · Pasadena, CA
Dec 2024

Group Meeting Talk

Tsinghua University · Beijing, China
Nov 2024

CFC-CCA Workshop

University of Texas · Austin, TX
Oct 2024

Astrophysics Seminar

UC Riverside · Riverside, CA
Apr 2022

APS April Meeting

American Physical Society · New York City, NY
Oct 2016

Keck Northeast Astronomy Consortium

Wesleyan University · Middletown, CT
Posters
6
May 2025

CFC2025

University of Texas · Austin, TX
Mar 2025

Dark Matter 2025

UCLA · Los Angeles, CA
May 2024

First Stars VII

Flatiron Institute · New York, NY
Dec 2023

Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics

Shanghai Jiao Tong University · Shanghai, China
Jun 2019

Symposium in Honor of the Legacy of Vera Rubin

Georgetown University · Washington, DC
Mar 2019

Rochester Symposium for Physics Students

University of Rochester · Rochester, NY

07 / Contact

Get in Touch

Happy to discuss science, collaborations, or opportunities. Reach out anytime.

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